If the resource and the module are known, we can use the ModuleLayer to access it like the following snippet.

ModuleLayer.boot().findModule(<MODULE_NAME>).ifPresent(___module -> {
    try {
        var modResource = ___module.getResourceAsStream(<RESOURCE_NAME>);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
});

Where:

MODULE_NAME -> the name of the module that has the resource.
RESOURCE_NAME -> the resource of interest.